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Risks

Everything that can go wrong.

The whole list, in the order you are likely to meet it. Most of these are not bugs and have no fix: they are the shape of writing covered calls against a tokenised security on a one-week clock, through contracts other people control.

The vault sells something once a week, and a sale can fail to happen, happen at a poor price, or happen and then be exercised against you. Every entry below says how often to expect it, what it costs you, and what the system does about it. Several say the system does nothing, because a vault cannot outvote an issuer or conjure a bidder.

Nothing on this page is live. The figures are launch settings and limits compiled into the contracts, not readings from a running vault. The same list, with the contract detail, is in the docs (opens in a new tab).

At a glance

The whole list on one screen.

Each row links to its full entry. The grey line is how often to expect it; the chip is the worst it can cost you.

Ordinary outcomes

Not edge cases. Every week ends in one or more of these.

A vault that sells one thing a week can fail to sell it, sell it and have it exercised, or have it exercised without selling it at all.

No buyer: a week that pays zero

How often
Most weeks
Worst case
Premium

Premium is paid only if a buyer fills. The keeper writes the call and lists it on Overcall. If nobody buys before the book closes (Fri 20:00 UTC in Overcall's current cycle; the registry's timestamps are what count), the week's premium is zero and the unsold calls expire worthless.

This is the most likely outcome on a thin book, and the book for weekly calls on a tokenised stock is thin.

What it costs you

The week's premium, which is zero, and the time. The protocol fee is a share of the premium the vault receives, so an unfilled week pays no fee either. An unsold listing does not protect the collateral from assignment: see the next entry.

What the system does

Publishes it. An empty book is a market fact, not an error, so the week appears in the results with premium 0, marked unfilled (or assigned, if Valorem assigned part of the vault's claim anyway), next to the weeks that filled.

If Overcall's book does not show the listing, the app's cycle page falls back to the keeper's signed order, checks it against the chain, and offers the fill there, labelled as the keeper's listing. Buyers who only browse Overcall still will not see it, so an invisible listing is still likely to be an unfilled week.

Assignment in a week nobody bought

How often
Any week NVDA runs
Worst case
Upside

The call the vault writes is not private to it. It is one of the NVDA options Overcall registers for the week, and anyone who writes the same option writes into the same series. Valorem assigns exercises across all writers of a series, by bucket, not to whoever sold the exercised call. So if buyers of calls that other writers sold exercise, part or all of the vault's position can be assigned even though its own listing never filled.

What it costs you

Both at once. The week's premium is zero, and the assigned tokens leave at the strike. The vault receives the strike in USDG, credited to depositors with no fee, and the upside above the strike is gone for that week. v1 does not buy the tokens back.

What the system does

Nothing it can do. The vault cannot choose which writers Valorem assigns, and holding its own unsold calls does not shield its collateral: they are worthless after expiry. At the close the vault redeems its claim and gets back the collateral that was not assigned, plus the strike USDG for what was. Deposits stay closed while assignment proceeds sit unredeemed in the claim, so nobody can buy shares into that gap.

Assignment caps your upside

How often
Any week NVDA runs
Worst case
Upside

Anyone holding a call of the series the vault wrote may exercise it inside the exercise window (Fri 20:00 to Sat 20:00 UTC in Overcall's current cycle), and Valorem can assign that exercise to the vault whether or not the call was bought from the vault. Valorem takes the collateral at the strike and leaves the strike proceeds in USDG, credited to depositors in full: the protocol fee is charged on premium, never on strike proceeds. At launch the strike is the nearest Overcall rung 3% to 12% above spot at the write, so it takes a move, but not an enormous one.

What it costs you

Every cent of upside above the strike for that week, and the position itself. The vault can end the week underweight NVDA, holding USDG where it used to hold tokens, so the NVDA behind each share falls. If NVDA gaps up and keeps going, you sold the move for a week's premium.

What the system does

v1 does not buy the token back. That would be v2, and it is not in the v1 contracts: an automated market buy is a risk of its own.

The vault does defend the accounting around assignment. Deposits close at the cycle's exercise timestamp, whether or not the keeper is running, and as soon as any contract is assigned, so nobody can mint shares into a position whose collateral has already left.

Partial assignment

How often
Whenever assigned
Worst case
Upside

Valorem assigns by bucket, not perfectly pro rata. The vault can be assigned on some of the contracts it wrote and not on others, so an exercised week usually ends as a mixture rather than a clean swap. Assignment reaches every contract the vault wrote, while premium comes only from the contracts it sold.

What it costs you

Predictability, and possibly assignment on contracts that never earned a premium. A redemption from an open week is never a promise of a fixed number of tokens: part of what comes back can be USDG at the strike, and the split is not known until the week closes.

What the system does

Nothing it can do. Which contracts get assigned is the clearinghouse's decision, not the vault's, and there is no call that makes it fairer. The vault pools the result: every depositor gets the same blend, and nobody is singled out for the assigned part.

Your position

Not failures, and still the reasons people end up unhappy.

When money can come in and go out, what a late deposit shares, and what nothing tops up. These are the design, stated plainly.

Depositing into an open week

How often
Any deposit while a call is open
Worst case
Upside

Deposits stay open while a call is live, until the exercise timestamp. A deposit then is priced at face value: the share price counts the NVDA locked behind the call and does not subtract what the call could cost. The new shares share that week's result, including any assignment.

What it costs you

If NVDA is above the strike when you deposit, you pay full price for shares whose collateral may leave at the strike, and your shares take their pro rata part of that loss. Deposits made while the vault is Idle are not exposed this way.

What the system does

Deposits close at the exercise timestamp without anyone calling anything, and as soon as any contract is assigned, whatever the clock says. They reopen when the week closes and the vault is Idle again.

Withdrawals wait for the close

How often
Every open week
Worst case
Exit timing

A withdrawal settles instantly only while the vault is Idle with nothing written. Once a call is open, the collateral is locked in Valorem until expiry, so a withdrawal started mid-week is queued and completes after the week closes, not before. A queued redemption cannot be cancelled.

What it costs you

The option to leave at a moment of your choosing. cNVDA is not listed anywhere, so there is no secondary market to sell into instead, and what the queue returns is a mix of NVDA and USDG rather than a fixed token count.

What the system does

The queue is the mechanism, not a discretionary gate. Queued shares are escrowed and tagged with an epoch, the epoch settles when the week closes, and you draw a pro rata share of the NVDA plus the USDG your own queued shares earned. No Stonkhouse key can jump the queue or stop it, and the close is open to anyone an hour after expiry. A Stock Token issuer freeze can still hold up the close until it lifts.

No subsidy behind a bad week

How often
By design
Worst case
Premium

Plenty of products make an empty week look survivable by paying it in their own token. This one has no token to pay with. Depositors keep the premium left after Overcall's 5% and the 5% protocol fee, and that is the entire return path.

What it costs you

The cushion. There is no emission to offset an assigned week, and no airdrop to make up for a run of empty ones.

What the system does

Nothing, deliberately. There is no protocol token, no points programme and no airdrop at launch, so nothing quietly tops up a week that earned nothing. A zero week is shown as zero because there is nothing available to paper over it.

The asset and the stablecoin

Two tokens with somebody else's keys on them.

The collateral and the payout are issued by third parties who hold powers over both. None of those powers can be overridden from the vault.

Issuer freeze or oracle pause

How often
Rare, and unmitigable
Worst case
Can be total

Stock Tokens are debt securities issued by Robinhood Assets (Jersey) Limited. They are not shares: no vote, no claim on Nvidia, and issuer credit risk on that entity. The issuer can freeze or restrict transfers, blocklist the vault, burn tokens from any holder including the vault, and upgrade the token contract, each from a single key with no timelock. The token can also pause its own price oracle.

The two events are different. A freeze stops anything that moves the token, including writing a call and closing the week. An oracle pause stops the vault writing and listing new calls, and nothing else: settlement never reads the oracle, so an open week still closes.

During an issuer freeze

  • Queueing a redemptionOnly your cNVDA moves, into the vault's escrow.Works
  • Claiming USDG already credited to youIt moves only USDG.Works
  • Depositing, instant redemption, completing a queued redemptionEach moves NVDA.Stops
  • Writing a new call, or closing the weekEach moves NVDA into or out of Valorem.Stops
What it costs you

In the mild case, weeks of nothing: no new calls under either event, and under a freeze an open week that cannot close and redemptions that cannot pay out tokens until it lifts.

In the severe case, the instrument itself. If the issuer fails, the token does not survive independently of it. The legal form is set out on the legal page.

What the system does

There is no technical mitigation, and pretending otherwise would be the dishonest part: that is the asset. What the contracts ensure is that a freeze never traps you procedurally (queueing a redemption and claiming credited USDG keep working), and the vault refuses to write against a paused oracle rather than writing blind.

USDG, the stablecoin you are paid in

How often
Rare, and outside our control
Worst case
Can be total

Premium and strike proceeds are paid in USDG, a third-party stablecoin, so you carry whatever risk USDG carries. It is upgradeable by an admin behind a 24-hour timelock that Stonkhouse does not control. A separate single key can pause USDG, freeze an address, and wipe the USDG balance of a frozen address, the vault's included.

What it costs you

A pause or a freeze stops USDG claims and USDG payouts until it is resolved, and a wipe would take the USDG a frozen vault holds. If the vault's address is frozen on a week with strike proceeds to receive, closing the week can revert, and the collateral and the redeem queue wait until the freeze is lifted.

What the system does

A USDG-side problem with the protocol fee cannot block the close of a week. That protection covers the fee only. Closing the week is the only way to redeem the Valorem claim, and there is no alternative unwind, rescue function or upgrade path.

Third parties

Services that can stop the week.

Contracts and services in the path belong to somebody else, and none of them can be overridden from here. Most of their failures end in a skipped week, which is the safe direction.

Valorem engine fee switch

How often
One key away
Worst case
Some NVDA

Valorem Clear can charge 15 bps of written notional, paid in NVDA from the vault's balance on top of the collateral at each write, whether or not a buyer fills. It is off today, and the switch belongs to a third party. On a weekly out-of-the-money call that is not small change: the launch floor for a listing is 0.40% of spot, so 15 bps of notional can be a large share of a good week and more than all of a thin one.

What it costs you

Nothing directly while the fee is not accepted, because the vault refuses to write; the cost is weeks of zero until the admin decides. If the admin accepts it, every write pays it in NVDA, filled or not.

What the system does

The vault stops writing rather than paying a fee nobody agreed to. While Valorem reports the fee on and the vault admin has not accepted it, opening a week reverts. Accepting it is an admin decision, recorded on chain as an event, not something the keeper can do.

Sequencer, price feed or listings API down

How often
Occasional
Worst case
Premium

Robinhood Chain runs a centralised sequencer with no uptime feed, so an outage shows up here as a stale price. The NVDA price feed follows US equity hours and stops over weekends and holidays; a gap longer than the vault's price-age limit (4 days at launch) blocks writing until the feed updates.

Overcall's listings API is a third-party service that can reject or drop an order. Any of these, in the hours before the book closes, means no visible listing when buyers are looking.

What it costs you

The week's premium: the same outcome as no buyer, arrived at for an operational reason instead of a market one. A call already written stays written, and assignable, until expiry.

What the system does

The keeper retries the listings API with backoff, and the vault refuses to write or list against a stale or paused price. Before the write that is a skipped week; after it, the written calls sit unlisted, and assignable, until expiry. If Overcall rejects or drops the order, the keeper keeps serving it, and the app's cycle page can offer it after checking it against the chain.

Who else is in the path

  • Overcall NVDA registry

    Publishes each week's cycle, strikes and deadlines, from a single third-party key. The vault refuses a malformed cycle: longer than 21 days, a lot size other than one token, or options that do not match the cycle. That costs a skipped week. Strikes inside the vault's band are not second-guessed.

    0x8E97…f4EA on the explorer (opens in a new tab)
  • Overcall listings API

    Shows the vault's listing to buyers. It can reject or drop an order, and an invisible listing is an unfilled week. The app's cycle page then offers the keeper's signed order, checked against the chain, but buyers browsing Overcall will not see it.

  • Valorem Clear

    Holds the collateral, mints the options and settles assignment. Its engine fee, off today, can be switched on by a third party; the vault then stops writing until the admin accepts it.

    0x9a7b…C0C0 on the explorer (opens in a new tab)
  • Seaport 1.6

    The listing and fill contract. Third-party code outside Stonkhouse's control.

    0x0000…B395 on the explorer (opens in a new tab)
  • Chainlink RHNVDA / USD

    Read for display and to gate writes and listings only. Settlement never reads it. A stale or broken feed means a skipped week.

    0x379E…9F15 on the explorer (opens in a new tab)
  • Robinhood Chain

    A centralised sequencer with no uptime feed. An outage near the book close means no live listing when buyers are looking.

    Chain 4663

Code and keys

What a bug costs, and what a stolen key buys.

And what the people with permissions can still get wrong inside the limits compiled into the contracts.

Smart contract risk

How often
Unquantified
Worst case
Can be total

The Stonkhouse contracts are not deployed and have not been audited. An internal adversarial review across 13 surfaces raised 72 findings, of which 51 survived refutation. The contract defects recorded as fixed carry regression tests; the project's records do not say every surviving finding was fixed. That review was done by the people who wrote the code. It is not an audit, and it does not substitute for one.

Valorem Clear was audited by Zellic in 2022–2023 under its former name, OptionSettlementEngine. That audit covers Valorem, not this vault. Seaport, USDG and the Stock Token are third-party code outside anyone's control here.

What it costs you

In the worst case, everything deposited.

What the system does

The deposit cap is the real statement of confidence: 20 NVDA at launch, not an open door, and the launch plan is to publish four weekly results, unfilled weeks included, before raising it. There is no proxy and no upgrade key, so a bug means a new vault and a migration, not a silent patch. An external audit is planned and has not happened.

Keeper stops running

How often
Expect it eventually
Worst case
Premium

The keeper is one hot key running a weekly state machine against a third-party cycle. It can crash, run out of gas money, or be looking the wrong way when the window opens.

What it costs you

A skipped week if it stops before the write. If it stops after the write but before the calls are listed or sold, the collateral stays locked until expiry and the week earns nothing. If it stops after a fill, only delay.

What the system does

A stopped keeper cannot strand collateral past the week. Deposits close on the exercise timestamp without anyone calling anything. The keeper can close the week from expiry, and one hour after expiry anyone can: redeem the claim, settle the queue and return the vault to Idle.

The Guardian cannot close a week; it can only halt writes and cancel or invalidate listings. A halt never blocks a redemption, a USDG claim or the close of a week.

Keeper key compromise

How often
Low, and bounded
Worst case
Upside

Assume the keeper key is stolen outright. The attacker can propose a strike, a size and an order, and can cancel listings. Every one of those goes through the vault, which is the Valorem writer and the Seaport seller, authorises each listing by hash on chain, and checks every field against the current policy (the strike band, the premium floor, the utilisation ceiling and the contract cap) and against the compiled 21-day cycle limit and one-token lot size.

What it costs you

Skipped weeks, or calls written and listed on the least favourable terms the policy allows (the lowest in-band strike, the largest size, a price at the premium floor) and filled by a buyer the attacker controls. That moves option value to the buyer. A fully compromised keeper still cannot take a token out of the vault, route premium to itself or step outside the policy.

What the system does

No off-chain component can move money. At launch policy the worst terms are still strikes at least 3% above spot and a gross premium of at least 0.40% of spot notional per listing, and the admin can revoke the key.

Admin judgment

How often
Bounded, not zero
Worst case
Upside

The vault admin sets policy inside compiled caps: the strike band, the premium floor, the utilisation ceiling, the protocol fee, the contract cap, the deposit cap, the price-age limit, the fee recipient, and whether to accept Valorem's engine fee. It can halt and unhalt writes and appoint the keeper and the Guardian. At launch the admin is a single deployer key, handed to a 2-of-3 Safe later. There is no timelock in v1.

What it costs you

A band set too tight means weeks where no strike qualifies and the vault simply holds NVDA. A band set too loose means assignment becomes routine. An admin can also redirect up to 20% of premium to an address it chooses, or loosen policy to the caps and run writes through a keeper it appoints, which moves option value rather than tokens. All of these are legal moves inside the caps.

What the system does

The caps are enforced on chain, which rules out the worst version: nobody can sell calls closer than 1% above spot, set the protocol fee above 20% of premium, or take a fee from strike proceeds, and no admin function transfers depositors' tokens or blocks exits. The caps do not rule out bad settings inside them, and the deposit cap and contract cap have no compiled ceiling. Every change is visible on chain as an event, and the deposit cap is the honest size of this trust.

Before you go further

What this page is not.

  • Not an offer to US persons

    Stonkhouse is not available to US persons. Access is restricted by the Terms of Use, not by a technical control, and you are responsible for your own eligibility. The legal form of the collateral is set out on the legal page.

  • Not advice

    Nothing here is investment, legal or tax advice, and nothing here is an offer of securities.

  • Not live

    Nothing on this page reads the chain. The vault is not deployed, and the figures are launch settings and compiled limits, not measurements.

  • Not a forecast

    Past weeks describe what already happened and say nothing about the next one. Every result, the empty weeks included, is published as it closes.

The bad weeks will be published too.

Once the vault is live, every closed week is published with its real figures, unfilled and assigned weeks included. Until then, walk through a single week, step by step.